Student Name

Student ID

Centre Name

British Academy of Jewellery

Assessor/ Tutor

Unit No

19- Research Project

Proposed Project Title

Section 1: Introduction and Background

Project Title:

“AI Solutions in Healthcare, How Medbot BAJ Health is Revolutionising Business Operations”

The rationale for choosing the title/ Problems identified

The title of this research revolves around the types of AI solutions with a particular focus on the Medbot AI healthcare case study. This topic was selected keeping in view the changing demands of healthcare businesses; where according to Loeza-Mejía et al. (2021), AI is playing its keen role in enhancing operational and medical efficiency. AI solutions, as demonstrated by Medbot BAJ Health helps to improve business accuracy and efficiency and support decision-making. It also helps in healthcare business operations as it streamlines operational incentives, minimizes errors, and effectively supports resource allocation.

Section 2: Research Aims, Research objectives & research questions hypotheses

Research Aims:

The main aim of this study is to explore different types of AI solutions being adopted by healthcare organisations with a particular focus on how Medbot BAJ Health is using these technologies to drive business transformation.

Research Objectives:

The research objectives are:

1.       To identify different AI-based solutions in healthcare, such as AI-powered customer service bots, and diagnostic assistants, and their efficacy in supporting healthcare operations and patient care.

2.       To identify challenges related to AI adoption in healthcare including concerns about data privacy, job displacement and ethical implications.

3.       To predict future scenarios for AI integration into healthcare organisations; with focus on technologies like those used by Medbot BAJ health.

Research questions and hypotheses:

The research questions are:

1.       What is the AI-based solutions for healthcare business and how are they transforming business operations?

2.       What challenges arise in AI integration in healthcare and how do they transform business operations?

3.       What are the possible future scenarios for AI in healthcare and how might innovations like those implemented by Medbot BAJ health influence the direction of the industry?

Section 3: Literature Sources Searched

Use of key literature sources to support your research question, research aims, and objectives (any controversies presented in this research:

Objective 1:

Bachina, L. and Kanagala, A., 2023. Health revolution: AI-powered patient engagement. International Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Sciences, 24(5), pp.722-731.

Clark, M. and Bailey, S., 2024. Chatbots in Health Care: Connecting Patients to Information. Canadian Journal of Health Technologies, 4(1).

Laymouna, M., Ma, Y., Lessard, D., Schuster, T., Engler, K. and Lebouché, B., 2024. Roles, users, benefits, and limitations of chatbots in health care: Rapid review. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 26, p.e56930.

Prabhod, K.J., 2024. The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Reducing Healthcare Costs and Improving Operational Efficiency. Quarterly Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovations, 9(2), pp.47-59.

Objective 2:

Smettan, J., 2024, February. AI Affected Job Replacements and Accompanying Ethical Problems. In IEEE lnternational Conference on Advanced Trends in Radioelectronics, Telecommunications and Computer Engineering (pp. 22-40). Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland.

Veluru, C.S., 2024. Responsible Artificial Intelligence on Large Scale Data to Prevent Misuse, Unethical Challenges and Security Breaches. Journal of Artificial Intelligence & Cloud Computing. SRC/JAICC-349. DOI: doi. org/10.47363/JAICC/2024 (3), 331, pp.2-6.

Kiradoo, G., 2023. Unlocking the potential of ai in business: Challenges and ethical considerations. Recent Progress in Science and Technology, 6, pp.205-220.

Objective 3:  

Nasr, M., Islam, M.M., Shehata, S., Karray, F. and Quintana, Y., 2021. Smart healthcare in the age of AI: recent advances, challenges, and future prospects. IEEE Access, 9, pp.145248-145270.

Schiavone, F. and Ferretti, M., 2021. The FutureS of healthcare. Futures, 134, p.102849.

Zhan, X., Abdi, N., Seymour, W. and Such, J., 2024. Healthcare Voice AI Assistants: Factors Influencing Trust and Intention to Use. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, 8(CSCW1), pp.1-37.

Loeza-Mejía, C.I., Sánchez-DelaCruz, E., Pozos-Parra, P. and Landero-Hernández, L.A., 2021. The potential and challenges of Health 4.0 to face COVID-19 pandemic: A rapid review. Health and technology, 11(6), pp.1321-1330.

Section 4: Proposed methodology

Qualitative/Quantitative [positivism (deductive) vs interpretivism (inductive) paradigms]

The proposed methodology is qualitative and the paradigm selected is interpretivism. Interpretivism is a philosophical point of view that developed specifically to support social sciences research (Junjie, and Yingxin, 2022).  It focuses on the belief that there is no ultimate truth to reality as we know and experience it, the meanings are generated as a result of various processes at once acting on the reality. Hence subjectivity and intersubjectivity are of relevance here. The understanding of meanings is developed socially and via various experiences. Another important aspect of interpretivism is subjective episteme. How we know the world and experience knowledge is not separated from our identity, who we are, and how we navigate through social experiences. The research self is an inseparable part of his research along with his knowledge, education, and his social status (Holmes, 2020). When it comes to the context of AI in healthcare; the meaning and solutions of AI are derived by various social, cultural and organisational factors which include a variety of stakeholders (professionals, patients, other personells).

One of the critical aspects of interpretivism is that truth is negotiated through dialogue. The findings of the research and knowledge repertoire are created as a part of the investigation process. Findings will emerge as research contests the diverging and conflicting views of the scholars and also the similar views to reach a definite consensus and agreement in answering research questions and approving, refuting, or finding a moderate agreement. Interpretivism aligns with the nature of this research because it seeks to explore the multifaceted impacts of AI solutions in healthcare, focusing not only on technological innovations but also on the human and social factors that shape their adoption and integration.

Pragmatic and moral concerns are part of interpretive science and it is a kind of communication and knowledge bridging between researchers and scholars (Ramanadhan et al, 2021). This is a dialectical process in which more nuanced interpretations will emerge related to the research aims and objectives and how they can further the research process. Interpretivism contrasts with other paradigms, such as positivism, which emphasizes objective, measurable facts and typically employs a deductive approach. While positivism would focus on quantifiable outcomes and generalizable results, interpretivism allows for a more nuanced understanding of the qualitative aspects of AI adoption—such as the impact on healthcare practices, patient satisfaction, and the ethical implications of AI.

The interpretation of facts and ideas even textual discourse is firmly based on a particular time, moment, and situation. It can be biased by the social processes that it discusses and can be influenced by economic constraints and political scenarios. This is based on an analysis of existing texts and research and the meaning is generated through interpretation to construct a meaningful reality about the research title. The methods used are qualitative and based on thematic analysis and data analysis.

Section 5: Research Methods

(a)Examine alternative methodologies – approaches to the data collection with supporting academic references. Consider costs, ethics and access when examining the different methods— (interview, survey, etc., whether qualitatiIe or quantitative.

The qualitative research methodology is adopted because it is cost-effective and secondary research can be accessed easily via online research journals and academic peer-reviewed publications. It is an ethical and sound practice as it involves referencing the resources accurately and with acknowledgment of the research scholars’ contribution and the publishing organizations.

Alternative research methods are quantitative and involve surveys, questionnaires, and interviews (Clark et al, 2021). However, they were not selected because of the high cost of conducting surveys and interviews because it is difficult to access organizations or people with AI integration and costs mount up in part because of commute expense, timings, and other important variables such as ethical considerations and the biased opinions of people related to AI.

(b)Ethical Consideration(Please ethical Form)

-Identify the problems that will affect the validity of this research

-Provide solutions/ show how you will overcome

Consider 4 of the following when writing about the ethical issues:

Ø  Informed consent.

Ø  Potentially vulnerable participants.

Ø  Sensitive topics

Ø  Risk to participants and /or researchers

Ø  Confidentiality/anonymity

Ø  Disclosures/ limits to confidentiality

Ø  Data storage and security, both during and after the research (including transfer, sharing, encryption, protection).

Ø  Reporting

Ø  Dissemination and use of your findings.

The ethical considerations

The problems and issues that can affect the validity of this research are confidentiality, data storage and security, reporting and dissemination, and use of researchers’ findings.

The issue of confidentiality can be overcome as this research is qualitative with secondary sources and the ethical practice of acknowledging the researcher’s background and its contribution via proper referencing tools and citation styles can help to maintain the ethicality of the research process. Data can be stored on a laptop and the computer can be protected via security checks and passwords.

Accurate reporting is also an ethically sound practice that requires a researcher to occasionally accept his own biases and the biases of the researchers who must have been oriented in specific ways (Khoa et al, 2023).

The use of researchers’ findings follows ethics to be established in the process of research investigation and once the research is completed, it must properly and through proper channels disseminate the information so that it can reach the maximum audience, some online tools for that are creating a podcast, writing a blog about the research findings and practical implementation in real-life scenarios.

Section 7: Proposed Timeline/work break down structure & Budget

Develop a schedule outlining the different phases of your research i.e., activities to be carried out during the research project (e.g., research, development and analysis of ideas, writing, data collection, numerical analysis, tutor meetings, production of outcome, evaluation, writing the report).

 You can use the Gantt chart.

(a)    Explanation of the work breakdown structure

Research proposal: to be submitted

Chapter 1: Introduction to the research

Chapter 2: Literature review, researching previous literature and presenting it in a concise report.

Chapter 3: Methodology, qualitative methodology explanation, and how to conduct it as discussed in different sections of methodology.

Data collection and synthesis: In this section, data will be synthesized according to the thematic strands

Chapter 4: The findings of the research will be discussed, elaborated, and summarised here.

Chapter 5: Discussion, a brief discussion will follow after the findings.

Chapter 6: Conclusion, this chapter will briefly conclude the research and find its relevance to the overall business.

Review and proofread: Research will be proofread and reviewed for any errors and issues in ethicality.

(b)    Provide your budget

The budget will be allocated for the expenses of commuting, internet costs, online research journals cost, paying the plagiarism check, and finally for external review.

Section 8: Reflection References

Reflection- Reflect on the effectiveness of the research methods & consider alternative research methodologies and lessons learnt in view of outcomes.

The research methods that I employed are effective and efficient. It would cost less and would help reach a definite conclusion through thematic analysis and proper dissemination of findings. I would be researching and synthesizing results on my laptop that’s why it is completely online work. I will be focused on the learning outcomes that I aim to achieve. The digitalization of the healthcare industry is a general predictive scope that I aim to achieve and my research methods would support me in the integration of AI incorporation within the healthcare industry.

Section 9: References

Clark, T., Foster, L., Bryman, A. and Sloan, L., 2021. Bryman’s social research methods. Oxford university press.

Holmes, A.G.D., 2020. Researcher Positionality–A Consideration of Its Influence and Place in Qualitative Research–A New Researcher Guide. Shanlax International Journal of Education, 8(4), pp.1-10.

Junjie, M. and Yingxin, M., 2022. The Discussions of Positivism and Interpretivism. Online Submission, 4(1), pp.10-14.

Khoa, B.T., Hung, B.P. and Hejsalem-Brahmi, M., 2023. Qualitative research in social sciences: data collection, data analysis and report writing. International Journal of Public Sector Performance Management, 12(1-2), pp.187-209.

Ramanadhan, S., Revette, A.C., Lee, R.M. and Aveling, E.L., 2021. Pragmatic approaches to analyzing qualitative data for implementation science: an introduction. Implementation Science Communications, 2, pp.1-10.

Bachina, L. and Kanagala, A., 2023. Health revolution: AI-powered patient engagement. International Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Sciences, 24(5), pp.722-731.

Zhan, X., Abdi, N., Seymour, W. and Such, J., 2024. Healthcare Voice AI Assistants: Factors Influencing Trust and Intention to Use. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, 8(CSCW1), pp.1-37.

Loeza-Mejía, C.I., Sánchez-DelaCruz, E., Pozos-Parra, P. and Landero-Hernández, L.A., 2021. The potential and challenges of Health 4.0 to face COVID-19 pandemic: A rapid review. Health and technology, 11(6), pp.1321-1330.

Section 11: Appendices

Questionnaire (N/A)

Ethics form

Interview Questions (N/A)

Comments and agreement from tutor

Comments (optional):

I confirm that the project is not work which has been or will be submitted for another qualification and is appropriate.

Agreed: ________________ (name)_______________ Date ______________

Comments and agreement form project proposal checker

Comments (Optional):

I confirm that the project is appropriate.

Agreed /Disagree:                                                                                  Date

Section 1: Basic details:

Project title:

The different types of AI solutions being adopted by businesses

Student name:

Student ID number:

Programme:

College Name:

Intended research start date:

Intended research end date:

Additional Evidence to accompany this form (where Using a company)

1.Copy of invitation letter that you intend to give to your participants

2.Copy of consent form that you intend to give to the participants

3.Copies of Debrief letters you intend to give to the participants

Section 2 Project summary

Please select all research methods that you plan to use as a part of your project:

ü  Interviews                         Yes                    No

ü  Questionnaires                   Yes                    No

ü  Observations                      Yes                    No

ü  Use of personal records       Yes                    No

ü  Data Analysis                      Yes                    No

ü  Action Research                  Yes                    No

ü  Focus Groups                      Yes                    No

ü  Others (Please specify) :   

Duration of the Data Collection from Intended Finishing Date

Start date:

Finish date

Confirmation f Right Withdrawal

……………………….

Section 3:  Participants 

Please answer the following questions, giving full details where necessary.

Will your research involve human participants? (N/A)

Who are the participants? Tick all that apply: (N/A)

Ages 12-16:                 Young people aged:  17-18        Adults: 

How will participants be recruited (identified an approached)?     (N/A)  

Describe the processes you will use to inform participants about what you are doing: (N/A)

How will you obtain consent from participants? Will this be written? How will it be made clear to participants that they may withdraw consent to participate at any time? (N/A)

Studies involving questionnaires: will participants be given the option of omitting questions that do not wish to answer? (N/A)

Yes       No

If no please explain why below and ensure that you cover any ethical issues arising from this

Studies involving observation: Confirm whether participants will be asked for their informed consent to be observed. (N/A)

Yes      No

Will you debrief participants at the end of their participation (i.e give them a brief explanation of the study)? (N/A)

Yes   No

Will participants be given information about the findings of your study?(This could be a brief summary of your findings in general) (N/A)

Yes    No

Section 4: Data Storage and Security

Confirm that all personal data will be stored and processed in compliance with the Data Protection Act (1998)

Yes  No

Who will have access to the data and personal information?

(N/A)

During the research:

(N/A)

Where will the data be stored?

Laptop

Will mobile devices such as USB storage and laptops be used

Yes   No

If Yes, please provide further details:

My laptop and USB will be used for data transfer.

After the research:

I will keep the record in the laptop for my research.

Where will the data be stored?

The data will be stored on laptop.

How long will the data and records be kept for and in what format?

Format: word doc

It will be kept for an year.

Will data be kept for use by other researchers?  Yes                     No

Section 5: Ethical Issues

Are there any particular features of your proposed work, which may raise ethical concerns? If so, please outline how you will deal with these:

No, there are no ethical concerns and the data will be protected through proper encryption.

You must demonstrate your awareness of potential risks that may arise because of your research.  Please consider/address all issues that may apply. Ethical concerns may include, but are not limited to the following:

The problems and issues that can affect the validity of this research are confidentiality, data storage and security, reporting and dissemination, and use of researchers’ findings.

The issue of confidentiality can be overcome as this research is qualitative with secondary sources and the ethical practice of acknowledging the researcher’s background and its contribution via proper referencing tools and citation styles.

Accurate reporting is also an ethically sound practice that requires a researcher to occasionally accept his own biases and the biases of the researchers who must have been oriented in specific ways (Khoa et al, 2023).

The use of researchers’ findings follows ethics to be established in the process of research investigation and once the research is completed, it must properly and through proper channels disseminate the information so that it can reach the maximum audience, some online tools for that are creating a podcast, writing a blog about the research findings and practical implementation in real-life scenarios.

 Ø  Informed consent.

Ø  Potentially vulnerable participants.

Ø  Sensitive topics

Ø  Risk to participants and /or researchers

Ø  Confidentiality/anonymity

Ø  Disclosures/ limits to confidentiality

Ø  Data storage and security, both during and after the research (including transfer, sharing, encryption, protection).

Ø  Reporting

Ø  Dissemination and use of your findings.

Section 6: Declaration

I have read, understood and will abide by the institution’s Research and Ethics Policy:       Yes  No

I have discussed the ethical issues relating to my research with my Unit Tutor:

Yes  No

I confirm that to the best of my knowledge:

The above information is correct, and this is a full description of the ethical issues that may arise in the course of my research

Name:                                                                         Date:

Please submit your completed form to your supervisor and also attach to the Research Proposal when submitting to Turnitin.